cputemp2maxfreq

This daemon sets the cpufreq scale_max_freq setting and scales it down when the CPU reaches a given temperature.

Why this program?

I recently bought a new mainboard, an Asrock J5040-ITX. This board has a passively cooled CPU which means heat can build up when you give it a GPU or CPU intensive task. It will happily heat itself up to over 95°C, and since i'm a Gentoo user, that happens quite a lot :-). I thought it's wasn't a good idea to leave it running for hours at 95°C. One solution could be to add a small fan, but I hate fans and that's why i got a fanless mainboard in the first place. The other solution is to reduce CPU heat generation when the temperature is too high, and the best way to do that is to reduce it's frequency as can be done with cpufreq within linux.
When discovered there is no program to do that i deciced to write it myself.

What does this program do?

It's basic function is simple: It reads the CPU's temperature sensor and if the temperature is above a certain threshold it will lower scale_max_freq to lower the CPU speed and allow it to cool down. When the temperature drops below the threshold it will increase scalea_max_freq again to allow it to reach it's full speed.

There is a lot you can tune and do with this basic function, these are the options you can pass to cputemp2maxfreq:

• -c or -C will log data to a CSV file which can be used for analysis later. See the paragraph below on how to use it with LibreOffice. -c will append data, -C will overwrite an existing file
• -f sets the fallback frequency. In case something goes wrongthe program sets the CPU frequency to it's minimum. In case that fails too it will try the fallback frequency
• -g the cpufreq governor to use. Conservative seems to work nicely with this daemon's concept. Use the special keyword "keep" to prevent this daemon from changing the governor
• -i set the file for CPU temperature readout. Most sensors should be available in sysfs somewhere
• -l set the logging mechanism to use. Possible values:
  • none: No logging at all
  • kmsg: Log to the kernel log so you can see it with dmesg
  • stdout: Log to stdout, especially useful when testing/tuning
  • syslog: Log to syslog, it will use facility Daemon and level Critical
• -m log measurements (CPU temperature and frequency)
• -p set poll interval
• -s set the step size to increase/decrease CPU speed. Note that this value will be multiplied by the difference between the CPU temperature and the set temperature to calculate the actual change.
• -t set the temperature limit

To use the CSV file with libreOffice first stop the daemon to make sure all data has been written. Then use LibreOffice Calc to open the CSV file. In the text import dialog use the following options:

• Separated by Comma
• String delimited: "
• Other options: Only set Detect special numbers, other options should be disabled

The preview should already show a nicely formed table, so click Ok.

If the document is opened read-only, click the Edit Document button. Select the whole sheet, open the Insert menu and choose Chart...

Now select Chart Type XY (Scatter) and subtype Lines Only and click Finish.

You should now have a graph and depending on the number of data points it might beusefull to make it wider to give the graph some more space. Becaue the CPU temperatures are much lower numbers than the frequencies it's useful to add a second Y axis, to do so click on the background and choose Insert/Delete axes and enable the secondary Y axis. Now click the first temperature line (usually at the bottom of the chart) and choose Format Data Series, and set Allign Data Series to Secondary Y axis. Do the same for the second temperature line.

The resulting graph should look like this:

You can clearly see the scaling this daemon does between 12:37:26 and 12:40:19.

How to install this program

Since i'm a Gentoo user i made an ebuild provided in the gentoo directory of the source code. Place it in your own overlay to use it, the suggested category is sys-power. The ebuild will install the binary in /usr/sbin and install an initscript so you can start the daemon on boot.

To install from source manually the best way is to git clone https://code.pa4wdh.nl.eu.org/tools/cputemp2maxfreq. Change to the source directory and type make to start the build proces. It shouldn't take long since this is a very small program. The result should be an executable called cputemp2maxfreq.

What can i do with this program?

The daemon has two uses: Get the maximum performance from your CPU when the temperature allows it, and protect the hardware from overheating.

Since i'm a Gentoo user there is a topic about this program on thei Gentoo forums.

Happy computing!